Textile Mirror

Dyes are the colouring material that colour commodities of our day to day use. Hardly there is any industry where dyes are not used commercially. From Plastic toys for children to that jazzy t-shirt of yours, every where there is application of dyes. The page tries to give a comprehensive knowledge about the dyes, its sources and the various types that are used successfully.

WHAT ARE ENZYMES? The enzymes are large protein molecules made up of long chain amino acids , which are produced by living cells in plants , animals and microorganisms , such as bacteria and fungi. Advantages of enzymes over conventional chemicals E nzyme technology is fast growing and emerging field of science , which has found innumerable applications in the textile wet processing. Since enzymes are natural products , they are easily biodegradable , non polluting , cleaner, gentle , non aggressive with minimum damage to substrate and environment. Enzymes promised a cleaner and environment friendly future by having the capacity and potential to enable us to live harmoniously with the nature.

Reactive dyes   In the simplest terms ,all reactive dyes are made up of three basic units, a chormophore , a bridge and a reactive group/ groups (either a haloheteocycle or an activated double bond). These dyes are used for dyeing of cellulosic fibers and   when these are applied to a   cellulosic fiber in an alkaline dye bath ,they form a covalent bond with hydroxyl group of the fiber by chemically reacting with fiber. The covalent bond formed between the dye molecule and fiber make dye molecule a part of the fiber molecule.

Polyester Polyester is a term often defined as “long-chain polymers chemically composed of at least 85% by weight of an ester and a dihydric alcohol and a terephthalic acid”. In other words, it means the linking of several esters within the fibers. Reaction of alcohol with carboxylic acid results in the formation of esters. Polyester also refers to the various polymers in which the backbones are formed by the “ esterification condensation of polyfunctional alcohols and acids”. Polyester can also be classified as saturated and unsaturated polyesters. Saturated polyesters refer to that family of polyesters in which the polyester backbones are saturated. They are thus not as reactive as unsaturated polyesters. They consist of low molecular weight liquids used as plasticizers and as reactants in forming urethane polymers, and linear, high molecular weight thermoplastics such as polyethylene terephthalate (Dacron and Mylar). Usual reactants for the saturated polyesters are a glycol and...

STAIN RESISTANCE The development of stain repellent general wearing apparel has taken place in response to the consumers’ desire for easy-care garments. Stain Repellent (or Resistant) Finish: Prevents water and/or oils from penetrating the fabric causing potential aqueous and oily stains to bead up and roll off. Stain/Soil Release Finish: Enhances the ability of a fabric to release stains during laundering. For a release finish, liquids may not bead up, but usually soak into the fabric. Combination Repellent/Release Finish: Provides limited stain repellency plus soil release with the objective of overall stain management. Stain repellants are used on a variety of cotton fabrics from apparel to home furnishings. The main advantage is that the fabrics resist soiling during use. When a spill occurs, it can usually be spot cleaned easily, since the stain is confined to the surface rather than penetrating deep into the fabric. SOIL RELEASE Soil release is the term used to describe the cl...