Garment Solutions
1)Wha are the export of RMG accounts of our annual foreign exchange?
- More than 75%
2)How many workers get employment?
-1.8 million workers in particular for women.
3)Who & when invented automatic sewing m/c?
-England scientist Challes Frederick in 1755
4)When & who invented sewing m/c for commercial purpose?
-In 1851, scientist Isaac Merit singer.
5)When JUKI company of japan was formed and when it first workted sewing m/c?
-1945 &1947
6)When first garments industry was established and where?
-In 1829, in paris
7)When first garments factory of Bangladesh established and whats it name?
-In 1960, REAZ garments.
8)When & how many pieces shirts from reaz garments was exported & where?
-In 1967, one thousand pieces in England.
9)At presents how many garments factories are situated in Bangladesh?
-About four thousand garments factories.
10)How many garments are situated in dhaka city & nearby dhaka city?
-About three thousand.
11)How many workers are employed in garments industry and how many are female?
-Two millions of workers and 85% are female.
12)Where mainly we export our products?
-USA,UK,Australia, Belgium, Germany, France, Hongkong, Italy, Japan, Norway, Sweden etc.
13)What are the different section of garments industry?
-Sample section
-Cutting section
-Sewing section
-Finishing section.
14)What is sample?
-The garments which is need for bulk production is called sample garment.
15)What is approved garment?
-According to the specification sheet, the sample which is approved by buyer is called approved sample.
16)What is counter sample?
-The sample which is prepared followed by approved sample is called counter sample.
17)What is pattern?
-It is a hard paper which is made by following each individual component for a style or garment.
18)What is production pattern?
-when necessary allowances are added to the working patterns, then they are called production patterns.
19)What is the process sequence for sample garments manufacturing ?
-Sketch or design
-Main block
-Working pattern
-Sample garment
-Problems of production
-Costing
-Approved
-production pattern.
20)What are the requirements for clothing?
-Suitability
-Appearance
-Stability
-Comfort
-Aftercare
21)What are the function of the clothing?
-Protection
-Decoration
-Identification
22)How garments size is represented?
-Garments size is represented by two ways
a)Alphabetical(XS, S, M, L, XL, XXL)
b)Numerical(32, 33, 44, 45, 46, 48)
23)To make garments of human how many types of measurement we need?
-Two types one is length measurement and another is Girth measurement.
24)Write down the size system of garments?
- Deutschland(German) :3,4,5,6,7,8,9
-France :1(page), 2(chrome), 3(Half patron),4(patron),5(grand patron)
-Italy :38,40,42,44,46,48,50
-USA :8.5,9,9.5,10,10.5,11,11.5,12,12.5
-England :34,36,38,40,42,44,46,48
25)What are the objects of pattern making?
-To develop a set of patterns or templates.
-To produce a specific shape and quality of garments according to buyer demand.
-To minimize wastage and cost of garments.
-To make a large amount of production at a time.
26)How many ways of patterns used in garments industry are made?
-Pattern are made in two ways. These are 1)Block pattern/Basic block 2)working pattern
27)What are the method of making Block pattern?
-Two method
28)What are the allowances consider during garments manufacturing technology?
-Sewing allowances
-Trimmings allowances
-Centre front line
-Button hole
-Button attaching position
-Dart or pleat
-Garments loose/comforted.
29)what is marker ?
-Marker is a thin paper which contains all the necessary pattern pieces for all sizes for a particular style of garments.It is made just before cutting and its purpose is to minimize the wastage.
30)what are the objectives of marker making?
-To reduce cost
-To improve the quality of garments
-For large scale of production .
31)How many methods in marker making?
-Two method :1)Manual 2)Computerized
32) How many types of Computerized technique?
-Two types : 1)automatic marker making 2)interactive marker making
33)What is marker efficiency?
Total area of all the pattern pieces in the marker
Marker efficiency= _______________________________________ X100
Total area of the marker plan
34)What is the factor related to marker efficiency?
-Marker planner
-size of garments
-Marker length
-pattern engineering
-fabric characteristics
- Marker making method
-Marker width
-Style of garments
35)What is the fabric wastage outside the marker?
-Ends of ply losses
-Selvedge losses
-Loss of fabric ends
-Purchase losses
36)What are the constraints of marker making?
-grain line
-design of garments
-nature of the fabric
-cutting accuracy
-production planning
37)What are the features of T-shirt?
-casual tops
-narrow neckline
-short sleeve
-no collar/cuff
-usually made of cotton
38) What are the features of Tank Top?
-sleeveless pull over
-used over a shirt
-warm shirt
-waist band
-put on over head
39) What are the features of Polo-shirt?
-Tops
-short/long sleeve
-collar and cuff
-short button placket
-made of either 100% cotton or CVC or PC
40) What are the features of Pull over/ sweater?
-warm shirt
-long sleeve
-waist band
-put on over head
41) What are the features of Cardigan?
-open front
-fasted with a zipper or button
-waist band
-put on over head
-warm shirt
-usually made of wool/ acrylic.
42) What are the features of Shirt?
-upper body garment
-a garment with a collar ,cuff and pocket.
-a full vertical opening with buttons
-with short or long sleeve
-men’s shirt having lower front part at right hand side and for women it is exactly opposite.
43) What are the features of Jacket?
-waist- length garment for the upper body
-shorter, ending just below the waist
-some are fashionable, while others serve as pro tective clothing
-comes from French word ” Jaquette ” which means either mans morning coat or the jacket of a lady’s suit.,
-It is also used to refer to the’’ Choli ” or “Ravica “ an upper body garment worm with the sari by women on the Indian subcontinent.
44) What are the features of Pant?
-The pant always matches the suit.
-worn to cover the bottom part of the body
-made up of usually with woven fabric.
-Dart or sometimes without it.
-side pocket, back pocket, fly piece, waist belt, and belt loops.
45)Write down some USA Quota categories?
Category Description
237 play suits, sun suits
334 Jacket and coat for women and girls
335 Jacket and coat for men and boys
338/339 Cotton shirt and blouse for boys/men &girls/women (knit)
46)Write down some USA non Quota categories?
Category Description
239 Babies Garments
345 sweater
349 Bracier & inner garments
352 Underwear
360 pillows cover
840 shirt & blouses for women
842 Skirts
47)Write down some EEC categories?
Category Description
2 cotton fabric
4 T-shirt
5 jersey, pull over
6 Trouser
7 Blouse
12 socks
48) Write down some Sweden group?
Group Description
2 shirts
3 night garments
4 underwear
5 sweater.
49)What is Grain line?
-Pattern pieces normally carry a line which is called grain line.
50)What is accessories?
-The materials or components except the main fabric used in the garments are called garment accessories.
51)What is Trimming?
-Beside fabric, some components which are need to make a complete garments termed as trimming.
52)What is CM order?
-Buyer will provide all the fabrics, accessories and trimming and manufacturer has to make garments and he will get charge of making only.
53)What is CMT order?
-Manufacturer has to manage all accessories and trimmings and he will get charge of making and trimmings.
54)What is category?
-Category is a number which indicates what type of fabric used for making the garments and it also indicates what type of garments to be made.
55)What is FOB cost?
-“Free on board” at named port of export. A pricing term indicating that the quoted price covers all expenses up to and including delivery of goods upon an overseas vessel provided by or for the buyer.It includes only price of goods not freight charge.
56)What is C & F ?
-Clearing related with import and forwarding related with export. If the price of goods is mentioned in invoice including transport costs then it is called C & F.
57)What is clean bill of lading?
-A receipt for goods issued by a carrier that indicates that the goods were received in “ apparent good order and condition,” without damage or other irregularities.
58)What is invoice?
-After sending the garments goods to the importer country, the documents mentioning the price is sent to the buyer for collecting price called invoice.
59)What are the methods of fabric spreading?
-There are mainly two methods-
a)Manual method
b)Mechanical method: 1)semi automatic 2)automatic
60)what is fabric lay?
-After spreading the shape of fabric plies is called fabric lay.
61)What are the types of fabric lay?
-According to construction :a) straight lay b)stepped lay
- According to the direction of spreading : a)fabric spreading from left to right b)face to face fabric spreading c)zigzag lay.
62)What is fabric cutting?
-To cut out pattern pieces of garment components as per exact dimension of the patterns from a fabric lay is called fabric cutting.
63)What are the requirements of fabric cutting?
-Precision of fabric cutting
-Infused edge
-Supporting of the lay
-Consistent cutting
64)What are the methods of fabric cutting?
-Manual method
-Computerize method
65)What are the advantages of straight knife cutting m/c?
-it most common and cheaper, easy movable and used extensively in garment industry
-could cut fabric at more curved line than the round knife
-cutting could be done up to 10 inch depth of the lay
-quick fabric cutting
-could be cut at any angle
66) What are the disadvantages of straight knife cutting m/c?
-knife deflection may result due to heavy weight of the motor
-higher the depth of the lay, higher will be the deflection
67)What is sewing?
-Sewing or stitching is the fastening of cloth, leather, furs, bark, or other flexible materials, using needle and thread.
68)What are the basic components of sewing?
-Needle
-Throat plate
-Pressure foot
-Feed dogs
-Sewing thread and fabrics.
69)What is seam?
-In sewing, a seam is the line where two or more layers of fabric are held together by stitching.The line of joining of fabric is called seam.
70)What are the types of seam?
-super imposed seam
-lapped seam
- bound seam
-flat seam
-Decorative seam
-edge neatening
-Seam class-7
- Seam class -8
71)What is Interlacing?
-when one thread passes over another thread to perform sewing, then it called interlacing.
72) What is Interloping?
-when a loop of one thread passes through a loop of another thread to perform sewing, then such binding is called interloping.
73)What is stitch?
-In garments technology, loop or loops of one or more threads when bind with each other either by interlacing or interloping or by combination of these two and perform sewing, then each unit of such configuration is called stitch.
74)What is intra loping?
- when a loop of thread passes through another loop of the same thread to perform sewing, then binding is called intra-loping.
75)How many types of stitches are used in garments industry?
-18 to 20
76) How many types of stitches are used in tailoring purpose?
-2 or 3
77)What is sewing needle?
-A sewing needle is a long slender tool with pointed tip.
78)What are the parts of needle?
-Butt
-Shank
-Shoulder
-Blade
-Long grove
-Short groove
-Eye
-scarf
-point
-tip.
79)How many types of point in Needle?
a)round point
b)Cutting point
80)What is pressure foot?
-Pressure foot is attached to the pressure bar of the machine.It can be up and down with the help of a lever.
81)What is sewing defects?
-Seam pucker
-Broken or open stitch
-staggered stitch
-slipped stitch
-variable stitch density.
82)What are the dimensions of quality?
-Over dimensions quality
-Under dimensions quality
- dimensions quality
83)What is quality control?
-The method of checking ,analyzing, verification and controlling the desired or expected quality parameters of the garments is said to be quality control.
84)How many types of fabric inspection?
-there are three types of inspection :
-4- point system
-10- point system
-Graniteville 78 system.
85)How sewing thread is inspected?
-yarn count
-yarn ply
-number of twist per unit length
-twist balance
-yarn strength
-yarn elongation
86)What is TAP?
-TAP means total acceptable products in a lot.
87)What is AQL?
-AQL means acceptable quality limit which is maximum acceptable capability or rejected% of products in a lot.
88)What is finishing?
-In garments industry finishing is a process which consists of pressing or ironing, folding and packing of garments.
89)What are the types of packing and folding?
-stand up pack
-semi- stand up pack
-flat pack
-hanger pack
90)What is embroidery?
- embroidery is the art or handicraft of decorating fabric or other materials with designs stitched in strands of thread or yarn using a needle.
91)What are the symbols used for care?
-Washing conditions
Bleaching conditions
-Ironing conditions
-Drying conditions
-Dry cleaning conditions
92)What is single sampling plan?
-In the process of this we have its know the lot size & average% defected that will be accept by buyer.
93)How work done by a merchandiser?.
-sourcing
-Pricing
-Order follow up and execution
-Arranging final inspection ensuring on time shipment.
94)What is merchandising?
-It is the process which start from buyer development to price submitting , order confirming and then execute the order to ship goods in time with quality is called merchandising.
95)What is lead time?
-Time start from order received to delivery is called lead time
96)What is the lead time for local market?
-45days
97) What is the lead time for foreign market?
-3/4 months
98)What is stock lot?
-When goods are made from buyer but not possible to ship it as a result goods are stain at store is called stock lot.
99)What is thread consumption?
-Needed quantity of threads for sewing a garments is called thread consumption per piece garments.
100)Formula for T-shirt consumption?
Total length x chest x GSM
=________________________ = kg/pcs
10000000
101)Consumption formula for single needle lock stitch.
-Where,
C=thread consumption per inch
N=length of each stitch
T= thickness or seam of fabric
S= stitch density per inch.
C=(2N + 2T) S
= 2NS + 2TS
= 2+ 2TS , Because N x S = 1”
102) Consumption formula for single needle double thread chain stitch :
Where,
C=thread consumption per inch
N=length of each stitch
T= thickness or seam of fabric
S= stitch density per inch.
C= (4N + 2T) S
103) Consumption formula for 3-thread over lock sewing:
-Where,
C=thread consumption per inch
N=length of each stitch
T= thickness or seam of fabric
S= stitch density per inch.
W= seam width.
C=3NS + 4WS + 4TS.
104)What is working pattern?
-The patterns which are made with net dimension of a particular style called working patterns.
105) What is spreading?
Ans. Spreading means the smooth laying out of the fabric in superimposed layers of specified length.The cutting marker is laid on the top most layers.The maximum width of the cutting markeris constrained by the useable width of the fabric.During spreading the number of layers should not be more than three hundred but it deoendson the thickness of the fabric & the height of the cutting knife.
106.What are the objectives of spreading?
Ans. a)To place the number of plies of fabric to the legth of marker plan correctly aligned asto length & width & without tension.
b)To cut garments in bulk & saving the fabric through use of multi garment marker plans & the saving in cutting time per garment that results cutting many plies at the same time.
107.What are the factors consider for ply height determination?
Ans. a)Thickness of the fabric
b)Cutting knife length
c)Volume of production
d)Nature of fabric
108.What are the requirements of fabric spreading?
Ans. a)Alignment of fabric plies
b)Correct ply tension
c)Fabric must be flat
d)Elimination of fabric fault
e)Correct ply direction
f)elimination of static eletrcity
g)Aviodace of fusion of plies
h)avoidance of distortion in spread
i)Easy separation of the cut lay into bundlea
j)Matching checks & strips
109.What are the methods of spreading?
Ans. There are mainly two methods-
a)Manual methods
b)Mechanical method
110.What is fabric lay?
Ans. Spreading means the smooth laying out of the in superimposedlayers of spcified legth & after spreading the shape of fabric plies is called fabric lay.
111.What are the types of fabric lay?
Ans. Accordingto constraction-
a)straight lay
b)Stepped lay
According to the direction of spreading-
a)Fabric spreading from left to right
b)Face to face fabric spreading
c)Zigzag lay
112)what are the codition of Hand iron?
-temperature, pressure and time
113)What are the quality of accessories?
-Life time
-Shrinkage
-color fastness
-Rust
-Comfort ability
114)What is life time?
-The life time of garments and that of the accessories should be equal.
115)Hwat is shrinkage?
-The appearance of the garment may be hampered if the accessories shrink due to washing, ironing, and pressing.
116)How many types of sewing thread?
-Cotton
-Synthetic
-Core spun
-Silk
-Linen
117)What is Button?
-In clothing and fashion design, a button is a small plastic or metal disc or knob-shaped, typically round.
118)How many types of Button?
-According to the linge number
- According to the number of hole
- According to the materials used for making button
119)What is linge?
-Linge is the measuring unit of button diameter.. 1 linge=0.025 inch or 0.635 mm.
120)What is zipper?
-A zipper is a popular device for temporarily joining two edges of fabric.It is used in clothing ( jackets and jeans) luggage and other bags etc.
121)How many types of zipper?
-Coil zipper
-Invisible zipper
-Metallic zipper
-Plastic molded zipper
-Open ended zipper
-Closed ended zipper.
122)What is the length and thickness of zipper?
-Thickness or width of zipper ranges from 2 to 10 mm and its length ranges from 7 to 90 inch for pant and 22 to 24 inch for jacket.
`123)What are the basic form of zipper?
-Continuous chain zipper
-Closed ended zipper
-Separating zipper.
124)What are the components of zipper?
-Tape
-Chain
-Slider
-Top and bottom stop
-Pull tab.
125)What is label?
-Label is an attached component of garment on which important information regarding the garment are written or printed.
126)What are the types of Label?
-Main label
-Size label
-Care label
127)What is Motif?
-The special component which is attached outside of the garment for decorative purpose called motif.
128)What is Lining?
-Lining are generally functional parts of a garment. They are used to maintain the shaped of the garment to the hang and comfort by allowing it to slide over garment.
129)What is shoulder pad?
-Shoulder pad is a standard item in tailored garments for both women and men. Lining are used on the top and bottom of shoulder pad.
130)What is snap fastener?
-A snap fastener is a pair of interlocking discs commonly used in place of buttons to fasten clothing.
131)What is interfacing?
-Interfacing is a textile used on the unseen or wrong side of fabrics to make an area of a garment more rigid.
132)What is cord?
-In sewing cord is a trimming made by twisting two or more strands of yarn together. cord is used in a number of textile arts including dressmaking, upholstery, and couching.
103)What is lace?
-Lace is an openwork fabric patterned with open holes in the work made by machine or by hand.
134)How many types of lace?
-Needle
-cutwork
-bobbin
-Tape
-Knotted
-Crocheted
-Knitted
-Machine made lace.
135.What is Ribbon?
-A ribbon is a thin band of flexible material, typically cloth but also plastic or sometimes metal.
136.What is cutting?
-To cut the cloth according to marker of patterns for sewing.
137. What is pattern?
- The pieces of thick paper are required in the form necessary to make a style of garments is called pattern.
138.What is marking?
-Drawing by as patterns on the paper as per style.
139. What is consumption?
-Needed quantity of cloth per dozen according to marker.
140.What is assortment?
-To determine the quantity of garments according to size and color.
141. What are the types of collar?
1.One piece(banded) collar
2.Two piece (banded) collar.
3.Sport open collar.
142.What are the collar according to style?
1. Notched(hexagonal)
2.Squared
3.Rounded
4.Pointed
143.What are the cuff is seen according of construction?
1. One piece cuff
2. Two piece cuff
144.How many types of front cuff?
1.Plain
2.Top centre
3.French front.
145.where French front cuff is used?
-Coart ,bleaser,apron.
146.How many types of sleeve?
1.Long genble
2.Sleeve placket
3.Hemmed sleeve
147.What are the types of yoke?
1.One piece plain yoke
2.Two piece single yoke
3.Two piece double yoke
148.How many types of pocket?
-Plain pocket
-Hexagon pocket
-Round pocket
- Squared pocket
-Hemmed pocket.
149.Whatis pleat & dart?
-The pleat shows the form being folded & stitched
-Dart-part of cloth is folded & stitched to slenderize it.
150.What are the bottom style?
-Straight bottom
-Tailed bottom
151.What are the style of folding(shirt)?
-Stand up
-Semi stand up
-Flat pack
-Hanger pack.
152.What are the styles of shirt?
- Regular /basic /dress shirt
-Casual/irregular shirt
-Sport shirt
-Blouse
153.What are the cloth spreading/ laying?
-To spread cloth as determined by needed quantity as per marking.
154.What is numbering?
-This process is to put a # on the each part of a garments after cutting, sort as the same # of each part might be combined as the time of sewing.
155.What is sorting?
-This process is to sort by size & color after cutting.
156.What are the attention points of marking?
-Jumping & bias should not occur
-Position marking should be accurate
-Must fit the end of the net line.
-Must check the quantity whether all the parts one marked as directed.
157.What is Dies cutting?
-It is used for interlining cutting.
158.What is sewing allowance/ inlay?
-The fabric which is kept for excess as the seam line at the time of sewing is called inlay/sewing allowance.
159.What is band width?
-The width of the center of the band.
160.what is collar width?
- The width of the center of the collar.
161. What is collar spread?
-When folding is completed in the finishing part the distance from the end of one collar tip(point) to the other.
162. What is collar point length?
- The distance from the intersection in which collar & band are joined to the end of collar point.
163.What is long sleeve length?
-The distance from the top of armhole to the end of cuff.
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