What is singeing | Objects | Gas flame singeing m/c | Advantages and disadvantages

Singeing:
Singeing is carried out rarely on knitted fabrics and frequently on yarns and woven fabrics. Instead of the traditional singeing process, it is possible to apply an enzymatic treatment (for cotton and lyocell fabrics), for example with cellulose, which uses chemical agents to corrode the fibre surface and remove the fuzz from the fabric.

Singeing is also done at yarn stage. For the yarn singeing it is an operation carried out in order to eliminate yarn hairiness. The singeing system consists of a package to package winder and a gas burner. The yarn is passed through the flame, which singes the protruding fibres that cause the hairiness. It runs at a rate of 400 to 1000 m/min. The machine must, in order to obtain even singeing, maintain a constant machine speed and an even flame.
The process by which the projecting or floating or hairy fibres stand out on the fabric surface are burnt off, is called singeing.
Objects:
                   a)    To remove hairy fibres projecting on the surface of cloth and to smooth surface.
                   b)   Optical levelness of the dyeing and clean out lines of a printing design. 
                   c)    To increase luster in the finished fabric.
                   d)   To prepare the fabric for next process.
Gas flame singeing m/c:
This is the most commonly used process for woven fabric. In gas singeing machine both side of the fabric can be singed in same time. Normally two burner are used for both side singed. In this machine the fabrics are passed through some guide roller over the gas burner in open width as shown in the figure. The length of the burner can be adjusted according to the width of the fabric. The fabric passes over the burner at the speed of 200-400 yard/min. When the fabric passes over the burner, it burns the projecting fibre from the surface of the fabric.
Brush is used for brushing the both sides of the fabric. After singeing, the fabric is immersed in the water or desizing tank to prepare next process. The machine may be horizontal or vertical.
Advantages:
                          a)    Uniform temperature ensures the proper singeing.
                          b)   Both sides of the fabric can be singed.
                          c)    As the process is continuous, there is no hamper in the production.
                          d)   All sparks can be easily removed.
                          e)    It is a standard process.
                          f)     Ideal singeing is ensured.
                          g)    The fabric in inter-stitches of warp and weft are singed.
Disadvantages:
                          a)    Dirty burner can produce spot on the fabric.
                          b)   The process is not suitable for synthetic fabric.
                          c)    Due to in consistent of fabric speed, it may be burnt.






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